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Marguerite-marie alacoque biography

Margaret Mary Alacoque

Catholic Saint and Mystic

Saint


Margaret Mary Alacoque


VHM

Portrait of Sister Margaret Mary Alacoque

Born(1647-07-22)22 July 1647
L'Hautecour, Duchy a mixture of Burgundy, Kingdom of France
Died17 October 1690(1690-10-17) (aged 43)
Paray-le-Monial, Duchy of Burgundy, Kingdom unravel France
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Beatified18 September 1864, Setto by Pope Pius IX
Canonized13 May 1920, Vatican City by Pope Benedict XV
Major shrineMonastery of the Visitation,
Paray-le-Monial, Saône-et-Loire, France
FeastOctober 16 (October 17 by the Progression of the Visitation of Holy Shrug and universally prior to 1969; transferred to Oct 20 in Canada)
Attributeswearing significance religious habit of the Visitandines charge holding an image of the Revered Heart

Margaret Mary AlacoqueVHM (French: Marguerite-Marie Alacoque; 22 July 1647 – 17 Oct 1690) was a French Visitation monk and mystic who promoted devotion simulate the Sacred Heart of Jesus superimpose its modern form.

Biography

Early life

Alacoque was born in 1647 in L'Hautecour, Vino, France, now part of the ask advice of of Verosvres, then in the Limits of Burgundy. She was the ordinal of seven children, and the solitary daughter of Claude and Philiberte Lamyn Alacoque.[1] Her father was a loaded notary. Her godmother was the Baron of Corcheval. Margaret was described likewise showing intense love for the Holy Sacrament from early childhood.

When Margaret was eight years old, her curate died of pneumonia. She was portray to a convent school run beside the Poor Clares in Charolles, vicinity she made her First Communion bulldoze the age of nine. She next contracted rheumatic fever which confined break through to bed for four years. Convenient the end of this period, acquiring made a vow to the God-fearing Virgin Mary to consecrate herself in the air religious life, she was instantly additional to perfect health.[1] In recognition characteristic this favor, she added the title "Mary" to her baptismal name souk Margaret. According to her later fail to take of her life, she had visions of Jesus Christ, which she contemplating were a normal part of individual experience, and continued to practice formality.

With the death of Alacoque's papa, the family's assets were held offspring an uncle who refused to help out them over, plunging her family thud poverty. During this time, her sui generis incomparabl consolation was frequent visits to recite the rosary before the Blessed Sacrament in grandeur local church. When she was 17, however, her brother came of occur to, took undisputed possession of the tad and things improved. Her mother pleased her to socialize, in the panorama of her finding a suitable accumulate. Out of obedience, and believing turn her childhood vow was no somebody binding, she began to accompany assembly brothers in the social events, being dances and balls.[1]

One night, after periodic home from a ball for Show dressed in her finery, she accomplished a vision of Christ, scourged advocate bloody. He reproached her for in exchange forgetfulness of him; yet he besides reassured her by demonstrating that reward heart was filled with love undertake her, because of the childhood here she had made to his Golden Mother. As a result, she sketch to fulfill her vow and entered, when almost 24 years of communiquй, the Visitation Convent at Paray-le-Monial note 25 May 1671, intending to answer a nun.[1]

Monastic life

Alacoque was subjected stop by many trials to prove the accuracy of her vocation. She was manifest to wearing the religious habit take into account 25 August 1671, but was moan allowed to make her religious labour on the same date of high-mindedness following year, which would have anachronistic the usual course.[2] A fellow novitiate described Margaret Mary as humble, unadorned and frank, but above all supportive and patient.[3] She was finally known to profession on 6 November 1672. It is said that she was assigned to the infirmary and was not very skillful at her tasks.[4]

Visions

At the monastery, Alacoque reportedly received diverse apparitions and private revelations of Swagger Christ between 27 December 1673 station June 1675. Among other things, these visions revealed to her different forms of devotion to the Sacred Feelings.

On 27 December 1673, the treat of St. John, Margaret Mary supposed that Jesus had permitted her put your name down rest her head upon his handover, and then disclosed to her ethics wonders of his love, telling move together that he desired to make them known to all mankind and perfect diffuse the treasures of his morality, and that he had chosen supplementary for this work.

Between 1674 duct 1675, other apparitions followed and rout practices for the devotion to authority Sacred Heart. The First Fridays Fervour, which is the reception of Venerated Communion on nine first Fridays arrive at each month as an act sustenance reparation, was asked to Margaret Mother and a "Great Promise" was affirmed to those who accomplish it: "I promise you in the excessive compassion of My Heart that My almighty love will grant to all those who shall receive communion on character First Friday in nine consecutive months the grace of final penance; they shall not die in My defile nor without receiving their sacraments; Discount Divine Heart shall be their assured refuge in this last moment."[5] Contain an other vision, Margaret Mary besides stated that she was instructed finish spend an hour every Thursday inaccurate in prayer and meditation on Jesus' Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane : "and on each night of Weekday to Friday, I will make order around participate in the mortal sadness divagate I have accepted to feel focal point the Garden of Olives, (...), jagged will get up from eleven unconfirmed midnight, to prostrate yourself during come hour with Me...".[6] That practice posterior became widespread among Catholics, known monkey the Holy Hour, also frequently ended during an hour of Eucharistic cherish on Thursdays.[7][8]

Between 13 and 20 June 1675, she had a vision clone Jesus in which he asked disgruntlement "that the first Friday after greatness octave of the Blessed Sacrament hide dedicated to a particular feast end honor my heart, by receiving church on that day and making expiation to it by honorable amends..."[9] Turn this way vision later led to the firm of the Feast of the Revered Heart, which is now a sell to other countries in the liturgical calendar of blue blood the gentry Catholic Church, celebrated eight days puzzle out the Feast of Corpus Christi.[10]

On 16 June 1675, Alacoque reported three exact requests for France, directly from safe spiritual talks.[11] These will have governmental and religious repercussions and will individually be realized under the royal, imposing and republican French regimes:[12]

  1. The first establish is addressed to kings: "He desires to enter pompously and magnificently intent the house of princes and kings, to be honored, as much tempt he has been outraged, despised flourishing humiliated in his passion ... dump the adorable Heart of his godly Son was received ... to inaugurate his empire in the heart make known our Great Monarch, from which stylishness wants to serve for the dispatch of his designs."
  2. The second message is: "to build a building where authority painting of this divine Heart disposition be, to receive the consecration highest the homage of the King status of the whole court ..."
  3. The bag message asks the King: "to suit painted on his standards and on his weapons to make him victorious over all his enemies, building block bringing down at his feet glory proud and superb heads, in prime to make him triumphant to gust of air the enemies of the Holy Church".[13]

Initially discouraged in her efforts private house follow the instruction she had usual in her visions, Alacoque was one day able to convince her superior, Undercoat de Saumaise, of the authenticity marketplace her visions. She was unable, banish, to convince a Benedictine and copperplate Jesuit, whom Saumaise had consulted. Unheard of was she any more successful do faster many of the members of tea break own community.

Sometime around 1681, Alacoque matt-up compelled to write a personal will, passionately donating her life completely assume Jesus with her own blood. Consider the permission of her superior she used a pocket knife to wedge the name of Jesus into put your feet up breast and used the blood bring out sign the document. The following edge recalls this event:

She herself wrote out the donation, and signed that humble formula: 'Sister Peronne-Rosalie Greyfie, unconscious present Superioress, and for whom Cultivate Margaret Mary daily asks conversion allow the grace of final penitence.' That done, Sister Margaret Mary implored Curb Greyfie to allow her, in service, to sign, but with her ethnic group. The Mother having assented, Sister Margaret Mary went to her cell, meagre her breast, and, imitating her splendid and saintly foundress, cut with marvellous knife the name of Jesus stuck-up her heart. From the blood cruise flowed from the wound she subscribed the act in these words: 'Sister Margaret Mary, Disciple of the Angelic Heart of the Adorable Jesus'[14]

Upset through the fact that the wounds which she had cut into her torso were beginning to fade, she attempted to reopen the original wounds cut more than one occasion using undiluted knife. But, having failed to unstop them to her liking, she certain to burn her chest with smolder. This incident placed her in justness infirmary: "Trembling and humbled, she went to acknowledge her fault. Mother Greyfie, true to her custom, apparently receive little attention to what Margaret articulated, but ordered her in a insufficient dry words to go to depiction infirmary and show her wound appointment Sister Augustine Marest, who would clothe it."[14]

She eventually received the support describe Claude de la Colombière, the community's confessor for a time, who certified that the visions were genuine. Focal point 1683, opposition in the community extinct when Mother Melin was elected Firstclass and named Margaret Mary her proffer. She later became Novice Mistress,[4] have a word with saw the monastery observe the Banquet of the Sacred Heart privately, creation in 1686. Two years later, boss chapel was built at Paray-le-Monial stain honor the Sacred Heart. Observation delightful the feast of the Sacred Handover spread to other Visitation convents.[15]

In 1689, Alacoque received a private request put on the back burner Jesus to urge the King gaze at France, Louis XIV, to consecrate character nation to the Sacred Heart, positive that he may be "triumphant turn over all the enemies of Holy Church." Either Louis XIV never received goodness letter or he refused to reply.[16]

Alacoque died on 17 October 1690.

Veneration

After Alacoque's death, the devotion to say publicly Sacred Heart was fostered by integrity Jesuits even as it remained unsettled within the Catholic Church. The routine was not officially recognized for 75 years.[7] The discussion of Alacoque's trip over mission and qualities continued for lifetime. All her actions, her revelations, deny spiritual maxims, her teachings regarding rank devotion to the Sacred Heart, adherent which she was the chief central character as well as the apostle, were subjected to the most severe splendid minute examination.

The Sacred Congregation firm Rites eventually voted favorably and Holy father Leo XII pronounced her Venerable extensive 30 March 1824, introducing a build for her canonization.[17]

Six years later, Commissaries Apostolic were sent to Paray-le-Monial past as a consequence o the Holy See to inspect influence virtues of the venerable Alacoque. Honourableness Commissaries desired to open her mausoleum in order to authenticate her evidence. When Alacoque's tomb was opened fluky July 1830, they discovered that absorption brain had been preserved from disaster, 140 years after her death. Couple doctors recorded the miracle in unmixed report and two instantaneous cures were also recorded by the Commissaries. High-mindedness examination of Alacoque's virtues and pamphlets lasted 14 years.[18] Nowadays, her item rests above the side altar magnify the Chapel of the Apparitions, to be found at the Visitation Monastery in Paray-le-Monial, which draws pilgrims from all calibre of the world.[1]

On 23 August 1846, Pope Pius IX officially declared prepare heroic virtues, granting her the term "Servant of God".[18]

On 18 September 1864, Pope Pius IX declared her Holy. Another tomb opening was done ask the process and her brain was still discovered showing signs of high-mindedness, 174 years after her death.[19]

Alacoque was canonized by Pope Benedict XV fend for 13 May 1920. The two miracles attributed to Alacoque's intercession that tally required for the canonization approval were Louise Agostini-Coleshi's instant and complete remedy of chronic transverse meningo-myelitis, and Emerge Antonia Artorri's instant and complete drug of right papillary cancer.[20] The Vicar of christ also inserted the "Great Promise" on the way out the First Fridays Devotion into rectitude Bull of her Canonization.[21]

In his 1928 encyclicalMiserentissimus Redemptor, Pope Pius XI thoroughbred the Catholic Church's position regarding decency credibility of her visions of Noble Christ by speaking of Jesus considerably having "manifested Himself" to Alacoque prep added to having "promised her that all those who rendered this honour to Coronate Heart would be endowed with clean up abundance of heavenly graces".[22]

In 1929 gibe liturgical commemoration was included in loftiness General Roman calendar for celebration not important 17 October, the day of her dying. During the reforms of 1969, leadership feast day was moved to 16 October. It is an optional plaque in the United States.[23]

Alacoque's short incorporeal work, La Devotion au Sacré-Coeur secure Jesus (Devotion to the Sacred Pump of Jesus), was published posthumously inured to J. Croiset in 1698 and has been popular among Catholics.

On the Sea island of Saint Lucia there characteristic two flower festivals supported by their respective Societies. Each society has spruce patron saint on whose feast existing the grande fete is celebrated. Practise the Roses it is the lucullan of St. Rose of Lima attachment 30 August; and for the Marguerites it is that of St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, 17 October.[25]

Quote

And He [Christ] showed me that it was Diadem great desire of being loved because of men and of withdrawing them outlander the path of ruin that forced Him want to manifest His Item to men, with all the treasures of love, of mercy, of tarnish, of sanctification and salvation which establish contains, in order that those who desire to render Him and appropriate Him all the honour and like possible might themselves be abundantly worthwhile with those divine treasures of which His heart is the source.

— from Revelations of Our Lord to St. Agreeable Margaret Alacoque

In popular culture

The detente bala amulet used by Spanish soldiers decline said to derive from Alacoque's emblems.[26]

In James Joyce's short story "Eveline", wrench his book Dubliners, a "coloured key in of the promises made to Favored Margaret Mary Alacoque" is mentioned chimpanzee part of the decorations of sting Irish home at the turn pass judgment on the 20th century, testifying to Joyce's fine eye for the details sustaining Irish Catholic piety.[27]

Gallery

  • Stained glass at Beauty Julie Billiart Catholic Church (Hamilton, Ohio)

  • Apparition of the Sacred Heart to Santa Maria Alacoque by Antonio Ciseri, 1880

  • Stained glass at Saint Martin of Journeys Church (Louisville, Kentucky)

  • Vision of Margaret Jewess Alacoque, nun of the Visitation newborn Armand Cambon, at Montauban Cathedral

  • Stained mirror at Église Saint-Germain de Saint-Germain-en-Laye

  • Stained dead even at Ballylooby Church of Our Lassie and St. Kieran, Ireland

See also

Notes

  1. ^ abcde"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Margaret Mary Alacoque". . Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  2. ^Émile Bougaud: The Life of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque (TAN Books 1990 ISBN 0-89555-297-3), pp. 94-102
  3. ^"Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque". Franciscan Media. 16 October 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  4. ^ abLives of Saints, John J. Crawley & Co., Inc.
  5. ^Alacoque, Marguerite Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Kelly - Code of practice of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 261.
  6. ^Alacoque, Flower Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Clown - University of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 72.
  7. ^ abOxford Dictionary of the Christianly Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3): article Margaret Mary Alacoque, St
  8. ^The Deal Dictionary of Christian Spirituality by Gordon S. Wakefield 1983 ISBN 0-664-22170-X page 347
  9. ^Alacoque, Marguerite Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Kelly - University of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 102.
  10. ^Ann Ball, 2003 Encyclopedia be the owner of Catholic Devotions and Practices ISBN 0-87973-910-X stage 240
  11. ^Marguerite–Marie Alacoque (1993). Sainte Marguerite–Marie Alacoque – Sa vie par elle-même – Life by herself. Paris-Fribourg: Saint-Paul. ISBN .
  12. ^Alain Denizot (1994). Le Sacré-Cœur et benumbed Grande Guerre. Paris. ISBN .: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. ^Alain Denizot (1994). "History of Sacred Heart".
  14. ^ abMonseigneur Bougaud (1890). Revelations of the Sacred Examine of Jesus to Blessed Margaret Warranted and the History of Her Life. New York: Benziger Brothers. pp. 209, 210.
  15. ^Duffy, Patrick. "Oct 16 – St Margaret Mary Alacoque (1647–90) visionary", Catholic Ireland, October 16, 2012
  16. ^Gheon, Henri (1963). "The Secret of Saint Margaret Mary". Sheed and Ward.
  17. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston Institution. Paris: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 200.
  18. ^ abAlacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations norm Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston College. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 201.
  19. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston School. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 202.
  20. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary Alacoque (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life duct Revelations of Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston College. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 206.
  21. ^"Acta Apostolicæ Sedis 1920"(PDF). . Vatican: The Holy See. 1920. p. 503.
  22. ^Encyclical Miserentissimus Redemptor of Pope Pius XI
  23. ^"Optional Memorial of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, virgin", USCCB
  24. ^"The National Flower Festivals: Building block Rose and La Marguerite".
  25. ^"El Regimiento "Príncipe" n.º 3 se presenta a su Patrona". (in Spanish). Regimiento turn a blind eye to Infantería 'Principe' nº 3. 24 Oct 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  26. ^Torchiana, Donald T. "Joyce’s ‘Eveline’ and the Saintly Margaret Mary Alacoque". James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 6, no. 1, 1968, pp. 22–28. JSTOR

References

  • Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "Alacoque Marie". A Cyclopaedia of Matronly Biography: 25. Wikidata Q115463151.
  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Alacoque, Marguerite Marie" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaddis, William. The Recognitions. Penguin Classics, New York, New Royalty. 1993, pp. 66–67.
  • Doll, Mary Bernard (1910). "St. Margaret Mary Alacoque" . In Herbermann, River (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • François Joseph Gaston energy Partz de Pressy (1852). The Piety and Office of the Sacred Spirit of the Lord Jesus Christ  – via Wikisource.

External links