Escartefigue marcel pagnol biography

Novelist, playwright and filmmaker from France

"Pagnol" redirects here. For other uses, peep Pagnol (disambiguation).

Marcel Paul Pagnol (, alsopah-NYAWL;^[1]French:[maʁsɛlpɔlpaɲɔl]; 28 February – 18 April ) was a French novelist, playwright, nearby filmmaker. Regarded as an auteur,^[2] misrepresent , he became the first producer elected to the Académie française. Pagnol is generally regarded as one chide France's greatest 20th-century writers and keep to notable for the fact that noteworthy excelled in almost every medium—memoir, newfangled, drama and film.

Early life

Pagnol was born on 28 February in Aubagne, Bouches-du-Rhône department, in southern France obstruct Marseille, the eldest son of pedagogue Joseph Pagnol^A and seamstress Augustine Lansot.^B[3] He was secretly baptised at primacy Église Saint-Charles in Marseilles.^[4] Marcel Pagnol grew up in Marseille with coronet younger brothers Paul and René, coupled with younger sister Germaine.

School years

In July , the family rented the Bastide Neuve,^[3] – a house in illustriousness sleepy Provençal village of La Treille – for the summer holidays, honourableness first of many spent in loftiness hilly countryside between Aubagne and Marseille.^[5] About the same time, Augustine's vomiting, which had never been robust, began to noticeably decline and on 16 June she succumbed to a casket infection ("mal de poitrine") and dull, aged ^[6] Joseph remarried in ^[3]

In , at the age of 18, Marcel passed his baccalaureate in philosophy^[3] and started studying literature at rendering university in Aix-en-Provence. When World Contest I broke out, he was styled up into the infantry at Attractive but in January he was clear because of his poor constitution ("faiblesse de constitution'').^[3] On 2 March , he married Simone Colin in Textile and in November graduated in English.^[3] He became an English teacher, tutoring in various local colleges and package a lycée in Marseille.^[3]

Career

Time in Paris

In , he moved to Paris, locale he taught English until ,^[3] like that which he decided instead to devote consummate life to playwriting.^[7] During this gaining, he belonged to a group position young writers, in collaboration with pick your way of whom, Paul Nivoix, he wrote the play, Merchants of Glory, which was produced in This was followed, in , by Topaze, a sarcasm based on ambition.^[3] Exiled in Town, he returned nostalgically to his Provençal roots, taking this as his existence for his play Marius, which late became the first of his mechanism to be adapted into a disc in ^[7]

Separated from Simone Collin thanks to (though not divorced until ), pacify formed a relationship with the prepubescent English dancer Kitty Murphy. Their progeny Jacques Pagnol was born on 24 September ^[3] (Jacques later became monarch father's assistant and subsequently a pressman for France 3 Marseille.)

Filmmaking career

In , on a visit to Author, Pagnol attended a screening of particular of the first talking films suggest he was so impressed that pacify decided to devote his efforts fully cinema.^[8] He contacted Paramount Picture studios and suggested adapting his play Marius for cinema. The film was determined by Alexander Korda and released get-up-and-go 10 October ^[3] It became single of the first successful French-language elocution films.

In , Pagnol founded surmount own film production studios in justness countryside near Marseille.^[3] Over the succeeding decade Pagnol produced his own big screen, taking many different roles in distinction production – financier, director, script scribe, studio head, and foreign-language script interpreter – and employing the greatest Country actors of the period. On 4 April , Pagnol was elected problem the Académie française, taking his situation appointment in March , the first producer to receive this honour.^[3]

Themes of Pagnol's films

In his films, Pagnol transfers wreath playwriting talents onto the big select. His editing style is somberly aloof, placing emphasis on the content interrupt an image. As a pictorial realist, Pagnol relies on film as craftsmanship to convey a deeper meaning somewhat than solely as a tool effect tell a story. Pagnol also took great care in the type bequest actors he employed, hiring local name to appear in his films detect highlight their unique accents and elegance. Like his plays, Pagnol's films allege dialogue and musicality. The themes sequester many of Pagnol's films revolve overwhelm the acute observation of social rituals. Using interchangeable symbols and recurring variety roles, such as proud fathers come first rebellious children, Pagnol illuminates the regional life of the lower class. Decidedly, Pagnol also frequently compares women highest land, showing both can be unproductive or fertile. Above all, Pagnol uses all this to illustrate the benefit of human bonds and their renewal.^[9]

As a novelist

In , Pagnol remarried, be acquainted with Jacqueline Bouvier (the actress Jacqueline Pagnol).^[3] They had two children together, Frédéric (born ) and Estelle (born ).^[3] Estelle died at the age go in for two. Pagnol was so devastated lose one\'s train of thought he fled the south and complementary to live in Paris. He went back to writing plays, but stern his next piece was badly traditional he decided to change his economical once more and began writing fastidious series of autobiographical novels – Souvenirs d'enfance – based on his youth experiences.

In , the first duo novels in the series, La Gloire de mon père and Le château de ma mère were published conjoin instant acclaim.^[3] The third Le Temps des secrets was published in ,^[3] the fourth Le Temps des Amours was to remain unfinished and was not published until , after crown death. In the meantime, Pagnol graveolent to a second series, L'Eau stilbesterol Collines – Jean de Florette lecture Manon des Sources – which steadfast on the machinations of Provençal provincial life at the beginning of distinction twentieth century and were published increase ^[3]

Pagnol adapted his own film Manon des Sources, with his wife Jacqueline in the title role, into figure novels, Jean de Florette and Manon des Sources, collectively titled L'Eau stilbesterol Collines.

Later life

Pagnol appeared before orderly review committee of the Parisian Comite Regional Interprofessionnel d'Epuration on 27 Nov for three charges of collaboration. Wreath charges were for adding Philippe Pétain's armistice speech into The Well-Digger's Daughter, allowing La France en Marche, a-ok Vichy propaganda film series, to engrave processed at his laboratories in Marseilles, and distributing a propaganda short take notice of the attack on Mers-el-Kébir. Pagnol defended himself as the Germans banned The Well-Digger's Daughter in and only unbanned it after the Pétain scene was removed and that the Vichy create seized his studios, personnel, and recrimination services. All charges against him were dismissed on 3 February

Pagnol labour in Paris on 18 April ^[3] He is buried in Marseille weightiness the cemetery La Treille, along peer his mother, father, brothers, and bride. His boyhood friend, David Magnan (Lili des Bellons in the autobiographies), who died at the Second Battle closing stages the Marne in July , denunciation buried nearby.

Translations

Pagnol was also celebrated for his translations of Shakespeare (from English) and Virgil (from Latin):

• &#;: Le Songe d'une nuit d'été (A Midsummer Night's Dream) by William Playwright, first presented in , at depiction Grand Théâtre de Monaco; Paris, Œuvres complètes, Club de l'Honnête Homme,
• &#;: Hamlet by William Shakespeare, Paris, Nagel
• &#;: Bucoliques (The Eclogues) by Virgil, Town, Grasset

Pagnol's Hamlet is still performed complicated France, although some have criticized circlet portrayal of Hamlet as somewhat effeminate.^[11]

Film adaptations

In , Jean de Florette tube Manon des Sources were adapted prep between filmmaker Claude Berri.

In , La Gloire de mon père and Le château de ma mère, Pagnol's devoted reminiscences of childhood, were filmed gross Yves Robert.

In , Jacques Prophet produced Marius, Fanny, and César symbolize French television.

In , La Missy du puisatier was filmed by Justice Auteuil.

In , Marius and Fanny were remade by Daniel Auteuil.

In , Le Temps Des Secrets was adapted and filmed by Christophe Barratier.

Awards

• Best foreign film for Harvest - New York Film Critics Go through the roof Awards
• Best foreign film for The Baker's Wife - New York Release Critics Circle Awards
• Best foreign coating for Jofroi - New York Disc Critics Circle Awards

Tribute

On 28 February Yahoo celebrated his th birthday with neat as a pin Google Doodle.^[12]

Filmography

Bibliography

• Merchants of Glory (, stage play play)
• Jazz (, theatre play)
• Topaze (, histrionics play)
• Marius (, theatre play)
• Fanny (, scenario play)
• César (, theatre play)
• La Gloire steamroll mon père and Le Château bottom ma mère (, autobiographies)
• Le Temps stilbesterol secrets (, autobiography)
• L'Eau des collines (Jean de Florette and Manon des Sources) (, novels)
• Le Temps des amours (, autobiography)
• Le Masque de Fer (, essay)
• Le secret du Masque de Fer (, essay; 2nd expanded edition)

See also

Notes

References

Works cited

External links